You’ve been sneezing and sniffling all week, and now your dog seems a little under the weather too. It’s natural to wonder: can dogs get colds? The short answer is yes, dogs can develop cold-like respiratory illnesses, but they are not caused by the same viruses that make humans sick. The common cold in humans is caused by rhinoviruses, which do not infect dogs. Instead, dogs have their own set of pathogens that produce similar symptoms, from runny noses and sneezing to mild lethargy and watery eyes. This blog explores the differences between a dog cold and other respiratory conditions, knowing when symptoms are serious, and knowing when to see a vet, so you can remain an informed dog owner.
Do Dogs Really Get Colds?
Dogs do experience respiratory illnesses that look and behave quite a bit like the human cold, but the viruses responsible are dog-specific. Canine parainfluenza virus, canine adenovirus type 2, and canine respiratory coronavirus are among the pathogens that can cause cold-like symptoms in dogs. These illnesses are referred to colloquially as “dog colds,” even though the technical causes differ from human colds.
Just as with human colds, dog respiratory infections are most common in settings where many animals are gathered together, such as shelters, dog parks, boarding facilities, and groomers. The good news is that these illnesses are not contagious to humans. However, they can spread quickly between dogs, which is why noticing symptoms early and limiting exposure to other pets is important.
What Are the Symptoms of a Cold in Dogs?
The symptoms of a dog cold overlap with those of other respiratory illnesses, which is why veterinary diagnosis is important for any dog that seems unwell.
Common Cold Symptoms in Dogs
The most common signs that your dog may have a cold include sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose, watery or goopy eyes, and mild lethargy. Some dogs develop a mild cough or show a reduced interest in food and water during the illness. Their energy levels may be noticeably lower than usual, and they may seem to sleep more or seek out quieter, comfortable spots. Most cold-like illnesses in dogs are mild and resolve within one to two weeks with rest and supportive care. Unlike humans, dogs rarely report discomfort, which means you need to watch for behavioral cues to know how they’re feeling. Monitoring your dog closely during any illness is always a smart approach.
When Symptoms May Signal Something More Serious
Some symptoms can indicate a more serious condition that goes beyond a simple dog cold. If your dog has a persistent or worsening cough, nasal discharge that is yellow or green, a high fever, difficulty breathing, or a complete loss of appetite, these are signs that warrant prompt veterinary evaluation. Kennel cough, canine influenza, and even pneumonia can all start with symptoms that resemble a mild cold.
Without a professional examination, it can be difficult to know exactly what you’re dealing with. Puppies, senior dogs, and dogs with compromised immune systems are at particular risk for more severe illness and should be seen by a vet at the first sign of any respiratory symptoms. Never assume mild symptoms will resolve without checking in with your veterinarian.
Can Dogs Catch a Cold from Humans, or Vice Versa?
This is a common question veterinarians hear from concerned pet owners, and the reassuring answer is no. The viruses that cause the common cold in humans do not infect dogs, and the viruses responsible for dog respiratory illnesses do not infect humans. You cannot give your dog a cold, and your dog cannot give you one. That said, some other infections, called zoonotic diseases, can pass between humans and animals, so it’s always good practice to wash your hands after handling a sick animal. If both you and your dog seem unwell at the same time, it is simply a coincidence, not cross-species transmission. Each of you has your own pathogens to contend with, and the best course of action is for each of you to rest and receive appropriate care from your respective health providers.
How Are Dog Colds Diagnosed and Treated?
If your dog is showing cold-like symptoms, a veterinary visit is the safest way to determine what is going on and get appropriate guidance. Your vet will perform a physical examination, ask about your dog’s recent activities and exposure history, and may recommend diagnostic testing to rule out more serious conditions. There is no single cure for viral respiratory infections in dogs, just as there isn’t for human colds.
Treatment typically focuses on supportive care, including rest, ensuring your dog stays well-hydrated, and managing any secondary symptoms. In some cases, your vet may prescribe medications, such as antibiotics if a bacterial infection is present or medications to ease congestion or discomfort. Do not give your dog any over-the-counter human cold medications without specific guidance from your vet, as many of these are toxic to dogs.
Preventing Respiratory Illness in Dogs
While you can’t guarantee your dog will never get sick, there are meaningful steps you can take to reduce their risk of respiratory illness. Keeping your dog’s vaccinations up to date is the most powerful preventive measure available. Vaccines for Bordetella, canine parainfluenza, and canine influenza can significantly reduce your dog’s risk of contracting these common respiratory infections. Avoiding high-exposure environments when your dog is already showing signs of illness helps prevent spreading illness to other animals and gives your dog the rest they need to recover. Providing your dog with a nutritious diet, regular exercise, and routine veterinary checkups also supports a strong immune system over the long term. If you have any questions about your dog’s vaccination status or respiratory health, call us at (719) 475-1314 or book an appointment online with the team at Cheyenne Mountain Animal Hospital.
